نقش دین و معنویت طی پاندمی کرونا ویروس 2019 (کووید-19) در زندگی سالمندان: یک مرور سیستماتیک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

2 استاد مرکز تحقیقات علوم رفتاری، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بقیه الله (عج)، تهران، ایران

چکیده

کرونا ویروس 2019 (کووید−19)، نخست از شهر ووهان استان هوبی کشور چین شیوع یافت و کمتر از دو ماه، بنابر اعلام سازمان جهانی بهداشت به یک بیماری همه‎گیر در سطح جهان تبدیل شد. در این راستا، پژوهش مروری حاضر با هدف بررسی نقش دین و معنویت در دوران همه‎گیری کرونا ویروس 2019 (کووید−19) در زندگی سالمندان انجام شد. در این مطالعه مروری نظام‎مند، واژگان کلیدی Coronavirus 2019 (COVID−19)، older adults Religion, Spirituality, Elder, در عنوان و چکیده مقالات منتشر شده در پایگاه‎های Google Scholar، PubMed، Scopus و ScienceDirect جستجو شد. معیار اصلی جهت ورود، مقالات چاپی تمام متن انگلیسی مرتبط در سال‎های 2020 و 2021 بود. از چک‌لیست PRISMA برای بررسی و کنترل کیفیت مقالات استفاده شد. یافته‎های پژوهش نشان داد سالمندانی که در دوران همه‎گیری کرونا ویروس 2019 فعالیت‎های معنوی و مذهبی خود را انجام می‎دادند، از سلامت روانی بهتری برخوردار بودند؛ همچنین داشتن باورهای دینی سبب معنا و آرامش در زندگی افراد می‌شود که نتیجه آن کاهش ترس و اضطراب ناشی از شیوع کووید−19 است. در واقع سالمندانی که از سطوح معنوی بالایی برخوردارند، تاب‎آوری و انعطاف‎پذیری روان‎شناختی بهتری دارند که موجب می‌شود نسبت به شرایط، ذهن‎آگاهی داشته باشند و فشار و درد ایجادشده را قابل تحمل‌تر ادراک نمایند؛ بنابراین می‌‌توان دریافت دین و معنویت فواید بسیار زیادی، نه‌تنها برای سالمندان بلکه برای تمام سنین به ارمغان می‎آورد که لازم است برای ارتقای معنویت به آموزش‎هایی در متون درسی (به صورت کارگاهی) پرداخته شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Role of Religion and Spirituality in the Life of the Elderly in the Period of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic: A Systematic Review

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farzin Bagheri Sheykhangafshe 1
  • Ali Fathi Ashtiani 2
1 Ph.D. Student in Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor of Behavioral Sciences Research Center of Baghiatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Corresponding Author
چکیده [English]

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) first spread from Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, and in less than two months, it became a worldwide epidemic, according to the World Health Organization; thus, this review research was conducted with the aim of discovering the role of religion and spirituality in the life of the elderly in the period of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In this systematic review research, the keywords of "religion", "spirituality", "elder", "older adults", and "coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19)", appeared in the title and abstract of articles, were searched in databases of GoogleScholar, PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. All related English-language printed full-text articles, published in 2020 and 2021, were selected. The PRISMA checklist was used to review and control the quality of articles. The findings showed that the elderly who adhere to the religion and spirituality in the period of coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic had a better mental health. In addition, having religious beliefs causes people to create meaning and peace in their lives that it leads to the decrease of fear and anxiety resulted from coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Indeed, the elderly who have a high spiritual level have a better psychological resilience and flexibility that causes them to be aware of situations and to perceive the created pressure and pain more tolerably. Therefore, it can be understood that the religion and spirituality have many benefits for not only the elderly but all people of all ages that it is necessary to provide some education in textbooks (in the form of workshops) for improving spirituality.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • coronavirus disease 2019
  • religion
  • spirituality
  • old person
  • systematic review

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